{"id":14,"date":"2011-03-03T15:51:00","date_gmt":"2011-03-03T15:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/?page_id=14"},"modified":"2011-05-18T12:38:19","modified_gmt":"2011-05-18T12:38:19","slug":"mise-sts-134","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/?page_id=14","title":{"rendered":"Mise STS-134 \u2014 Posledn\u00ed let raketopl\u00e1nu Endeavour"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/a>

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed fotografie pos\u00e1dky Mise STS-134<\/p><\/div>\n

Mise STS-134 bude posledn\u00edm startem raketopl\u00e1nu Endeavour a historicky p\u0159edpoledn\u00edm letem americk\u00fdch raketopl\u00e1n\u016f p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm ukon\u010den\u00edm programu Space Transportation System (STS).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Start:\u00a0 pond\u011bl\u00ed 16. kv\u011btna <\/strong>v 8:56 h r\u00e1no EDT (14:56 h \u010desk\u00e9ho \u010dasu), Kennedyho kosmick\u00e9 st\u0159edisko na ostrov\u011b Merritt Island <\/a><\/strong>
\nPl\u00e1novan\u00fd n\u00e1vrat:<\/strong> 1. \u010dervna 2011
\nD\u00e9lka expedice: <\/strong>16 dn\u00ed<\/p>\n

V\u0161e o misi STS-134 najdete na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch NASA<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dru\u017eicov\u00fd stupe\u0148 Endeavour: <\/strong>25 start
\nprvn\u00ed start 7. 5. 1992, n\u00e1hrada za raketopl\u00e1n
\nChallenger zni\u010den\u00fd p\u0159i hav\u00e1rii v roce 1986
\nCelkov\u00fd \u010das v kosmu: <\/strong>280dn\u00ed 3hod 45min,
\ncca 4.300 oblet\u016f Zem\u011b<\/p>\n

Celkov\u011b 134. start americk\u00e9ho raketopl\u00e1nu, celkov\u00fd kumulovan\u00fd \u010das v kosmu v\u0161ech p\u011bti orbiter\u016f: 3roky 206dn\u00ed 5hod 7min<\/p>\n

P\u0159edposledn\u00ed start raketopl\u00e1nu p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm ukon\u010den\u00edm programu Space Transportation System (STS) – prvn\u00ed start 12. 4. 1981, pl\u00e1novan\u00fd posledn\u00ed start 28. 6. 2011.<\/p>\n

Pos\u00e1dka Endeavour STS-134:<\/strong>
\nMark E. Kelly (velitel, 4. start)
\nGregory H. Johnson (pilot, 2. start)
\nEdward M. Fincke (3. start)
\nGregory E. Chamitoff (2. start)
\nAndrew J. Feustel (2. start)
\nRoberto Vittori (ESA\/Italie, 3. start)<\/p>\n

<\/strong>Z\u00e1sobovac\u00ed a mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed let k ISS, 4x v\u00fdstup do voln\u00e9ho kosmu (EVA) E. Fincke, A. Feustel \u2013 3x EVA, G. Chamitoff – 2x EVA<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed vyn\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd n\u00e1klad:<\/strong>
\nAlpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS-02
\nExperiment\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sticov\u00fd detektor, zmen\u0161enina detektoru pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9ho na velk\u00fdch urychlova\u010d\u00edch, vyvinut\u00fd v Evropsk\u00e9m st\u0159edisku jadern\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu CERN<\/p>\n

Historie Endeavouru<\/h3>\n

Endeavour je p\u00e1t\u00fdm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 posledn\u00edm vyroben\u00fdm raketopl\u00e1nem. Vznikl jako n\u00e1hrada za zni\u010den\u00fd raketopl\u00e1n Challenger, kter\u00fd vybuchl po startu roku 1986.<\/p>\n

Endeavour poprv\u00e9 let\u011bl do vesm\u00edru v roce 1991. Prvn\u00edch sedm let slou\u017eil k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch experiment\u016f, vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dru\u017eic nebo oprav\u011b Hubbleova kosmick\u00e9ho dalekohledu. V lednu 1998 let\u011bl k rusk\u00e9 orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed stanici Mir a od prosince 1998 a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti u\u017e l\u00e9tal pouze k Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kosmick\u00e9 stanici ISS.<\/p>\n

Na svou posledn\u00ed pou\u0165 do vesm\u00edru se raketopl\u00e1n vydal 16. kv\u011btna 2011<\/strong>. Tento let je\u00a0 z\u00e1rove\u0148 historicky p\u0159edposledn\u00ed let americk\u00fdch raketopl\u00e1n\u016f. Po n\u011bm u\u017e polet\u00ed jen Atlantis.<\/p>\n

Raketopl\u00e1n pom\u016f\u017ee naj\u00edt antihmotu<\/h3>\n

Let raketopl\u00e1nu Endeavour byl n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t odlo\u017een. Na vin\u011b nebyly ani tak probl\u00e9my s raketopl\u00e1nem, jako s p\u0159\u00edstrojem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 do vesm\u00edru vyn\u00e9st. Jedn\u00e1 se o alfa-magnetick\u00fd spektrometr AMS-02. Ten by m\u011bl sledovat projevy p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 existence antihmoty v na\u0161em vesm\u00edru. Jde o velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd experiment. S ot\u00e1zkou temn\u00e9 hmoty se astronomov\u00e9 a kosmologov\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1dat u\u017e del\u0161\u00ed dobu. Zat\u00edm p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00ed nebyli. V na\u0161em vesm\u00edru dominuje hmota, zat\u00edmco antihmoty je v n\u011bm nepatrn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. Antihmota vznik\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i interakci \u010d\u00e1stic hmoty, kdy vznik\u00e1 dvojice elektron a jeho anti\u010d\u00e1stice pozitron. Anti\u010d\u00e1stice ale nevydr\u017e\u00ed existovat dlouho a rychle miz\u00ed (anihiluj\u00ed) za vzniku z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed gama.<\/p>\n

Spektrometr AMS ov\u0161em d\u011blal v\u011bdc\u016fm a technik\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed ho p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed, probl\u00e9my. Zjistili, \u017ee supravodiv\u00e9 magnety, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nefunguj\u00ed tak, jak by m\u011bly. A tak\u00e9 je tu probl\u00e9m, jak zajistit ve vesm\u00edru jejich dlouhodobou funkci, proto\u017ee je t\u0159eba chladit je na velmi n\u00edzkou teplotu. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2010 bylo rozhodnuto nahradit je permanentn\u00edmi magnety, co\u017e ov\u0161em znamenalo p\u0159ed\u011blat cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstroj a pak ho \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b otestovat. Let raketopl\u00e1nu tak byl o \u0159adu m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f odlo\u017een.<\/p>\n

Naposledy v \u0161esti lidech<\/h3>\n
\"N\u00e1lepka<\/a>

N\u00e1lepka mise se jm\u00e9ny v\u0161ech \u010dlen\u016f pos\u00e1dky<\/p><\/div>\n

Raketopl\u00e1n Endeavour doprav\u00ed na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed kosmickou stanici \u0161esti\u010dlennou pos\u00e1dku. Je to obvykl\u00fd po\u010det \u010dlen\u016f pos\u00e1dky, ale tentokr\u00e1t to bude naposledy. Let STS-135, tedy Atlantis, bude m\u00edt pos\u00e1dku u\u017e jen \u010dty\u0159\u010dlennou.<\/p>\n

Velitelem letu Endeavouru je americk\u00fd astronaut Mark E. Kelly<\/strong>, pro kter\u00e9ho to bude \u010dtvrt\u00fd let do vesm\u00edru. Kelly let\u011bl poprv\u00e9 roku 2001, pak 2006 a 2008. Ve v\u0161ech t\u0159ech p\u0159\u00edpadech to byly lety k ISS.<\/p>\n

V pos\u00e1dce letu STS-134 budou dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i astronauti ze Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f: Gregory H. Johnson<\/strong>, Michael Fincke<\/strong>, Andrew J. Feustel<\/a><\/strong>, Gregory Chamitoff<\/strong> a jeden z It\u00e1lie – Roberto Vittori<\/strong>, zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed Evropskou kosmickou agenturu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mise STS-134 bude posledn\u00edm startem raketopl\u00e1nu Endeavour a historicky p\u0159edpoledn\u00edm letem americk\u00fdch raketopl\u00e1n\u016f p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm ukon\u010den\u00edm programu Space Transportation System (STS). Start:\u00a0 pond\u011bl\u00ed 16. kv\u011btna v 8:56 h r\u00e1no EDT (14:56 h \u010desk\u00e9ho \u010dasu), Kennedyho kosmick\u00e9 st\u0159edisko na ostrov\u011b Merritt … Cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":222,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/222"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14\/revisions\/40"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokosmuskrtkem.cz\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}